The Effect of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and copper citrate on hematological, immune, and oxidative parameters in pregnant sows
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/agroscience.2025-(4)-4-6Keywords:
pregnant sows, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, copper citrate, hematological parameters, nonspecific resistance, lipid peroxidation, oxidative stressAbstract
The use of feed additives in animal husbandry as an alternative to antibiotics is a pressing issue of modern veterinary science and is receiving increasing attention. Among such alternatives, yeast-based probiotics, particularly Saccharomyces cerevisiae, are considered especially promising. However, data on their effects on the organism of sows during late gestation remain limited in global scientific literature and practice. This article presents the results of a study on the impact of a feed additive based on Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast and copper citrate on hematological, immunological, and biochemical blood parameters in sows during the prepartum period. The study was conducted in two phases: a preparatory phase and an experimental phase, corresponding to the 85th and 114th days of gestation, respectively. It was established that on the 114th day of gestation in sows of the control group, a significant decrease in the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, as well as in hemoglobin and hematocrit levels, was observed. These are indicative of the development of an anemic condition caused by an increase in total blood volume. Additionally, elevated levels of circulating immune complexes and lipid peroxidation products were observed, indicating enhanced oxidative stress and antigenic load. In contrast, sows that received the yeast-based additive and copper citrate maintained more stable hematological parameters, showed lower levels of lipid hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and had higher lysozyme and bactericidal activity of blood serum, along with increased leukocyte counts. These findings suggest that the investigated supplements help maintain stable homeostasis, improve hematopoietic function, enhance nonspecific resistance, and mitigate oxidative stress. Statistical analysis confirmed the reliability of the observed changes. The data obtained may be useful for optimizing feeding strategies and supporting the immunological status of sows during critical reproductive periods, representing a promising approach to improving their reproductive health
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