QUALIMETRIC ASSESSMENT OF MILK QUALITY OF COWS WITH DIFFERENT GENOTYPES BY THE KAPPA-CASEIN LOCUS DEPENDING ON THE SEASON OF THE YEAR
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/agroscience.2026-(5)-1-8Keywords:
cattle, genotype, qualimetric assessment, season of the year, milk qualityAbstract
The article presents data on the influence of the season of the year on the qualitative indicators of cow's milk of of different genotypes by physicochemical and qualimetric methods of assessing the milk quality. It was established that out of 76 experimental animals, the frequency of genotypes AA, AB and BB was 48, 24 and 4 heads.
In spring, the protein content in the milk of BB cows was higher by 0.39 and 0.43 %, lactose by 0.26 and 0.15 %, (p<0.01) respectively, in AA and AB individuals, fat by 0.07 % compared to AA individuals, but by 0.12 % less than in AB animals. In summer, the milk of BB cows contained protein by 0.34 and 0.26 %, compared to AA and AB animals. In terms of lactose content, these animals occupied an intermediate place between AA and AB cows, but in terms of fat content they were inferior to them by 0.1 and 0.03 %. In autumn, milk from BB cows was characterized by a higher protein content by 0.78 and 0.66 % (p<0.05), fat by 0.2 and 0.05 %, and lactose by 0.07 and 0.06 % compared to animals of other genotypes. In terms of protein, fat and lactose content, the milk of BB cows in winter had the highest values (3.33; 4.22 and 5.26 %) compared to AB cows (by 0.13; 0.21 and 0.13 % (p<0.01) and AA – by 0.10 (at the trend level); in autumn – by 0.51 and 0.37 % (p<0.01), respectively.
By calculating the qualimetric indicator of milk quality and safety, it was established that the highest quality milk was obtained from cows of all experimental genotypes in winter and spring – 89.7-94.0 % and 86.8-99.9 %, but BB cows produced milk of higher quality practically in all seasons of the year: in spring – the prevalence was 13.1 and 1.4 % in relation to AA and AB animals, in summer – 10.0 and 0.6 %, in the fall – 13.5 and 1.8 %, only in the winter period the maximum quality indicator was 0.4 % less, in relation to AB cows
References
Antamoshkina, E. N., & Rogachev, A. F. (2020). The model of statistical assessment of food security. In A. V. Bogoviz (Ed.), Complex systems: innovation and sustainability in the digital age (Studies in systems, decision and control, Vol. 1, pp. 471–479). Cham: Springer. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44703-8_51
Akin, A. C., & Cevger, Y. (2019). Analysis of factors affecting production costs and profitability of milk and dairy products in Turkey. Food Science and Technology, 39(3), 781-787. https://doi.org/10.1590/fst.28818
Antonyuk T. A. Seasonal changes in sanitary and qualitative indicators of marketable milk. Current problems of development of livestock and fish farming industries: collection of abstracts of the 71st scientific-practical conference of scientific-pedagogical workers, scientific employees and postgraduate students of the faculty of livestock and aquatic bioresources. (Kyiv, April 19-20, 2017). Kyiv, 2017. P. 14-16.
Bratunyak G. V., Vovk Ya. S., Vudmaska V. Yu. Hope and quality of milk when feeding cows with protein-mineral supplements with fodder beans. Foothill and mountain farming and animal husbandry. Lviv-Obroshino, 2003. Issue 45. P. 112-115.
Caroli A. M., Chessa S., Erhardt G. J. Invited review: milk protein polymorphisms in cattle: effect on animal breeding and human nutrition. J Dairy Sci. 2009. Vol. 92(11). P. 5335-52. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2009-2461
Chagarovsky O. P., Tkachenko N. A., Lysohor T. A. Chemistry of dairy raw materials: a textbook for students of higher educational institutions. Odesa: Simex-print, 2013. 268 p.
DSTU 3662-2018 Raw cow milk. Technical conditions. [Valid from 2019-01-01]. Official edition. Kyiv, 2018. 8 pp. (National Standard of Ukraine).
DSTU 8396:2015. Cow's milk. Determination of the mass fraction of fat, protein, lactose, dry matter by infrared spectrometry (express method). [Valid from 2017-07-01]. Official edition. Kyiv, 2017. 11 p. (National standard of Ukraine).
DSTU 7671:2014. Cow's milk. Determination of the freezing point by the conductometric method (express method). [Valid from 2015-07-01]. Official edition. Kyiv, 2016. 9 p. (National standard of Ukraine).
Efimenko M., Podoba B., Kovalenko G. According to the latest methods of selection. Livestock of Ukraine. 2007. No. 2. P. 18-22.
Erbe M., Hayes B.J., Matukumalli L. K., Goswami S., Bowman P. J., Reich C. M., Mason B. A., Goddard M. E. Improving accuracy of genomic predictions within and between dairy cattle breeds with imputed high-density single nucleotide polymorphism panels. J Dairy Sci. 2012. Vol. 95. P. 4114-4129.
Jasiulewicz-Kaczmarek, M. (2016). ISO 9000: 2015 quality management principles as the framework for a maintenance management system. Zeszyty Naukowe Politechniki Poznańskiej. Organizacja i Zarządzanie, 69, 49-65
Krishna, S. A., Soman, A., & Nair, M. (2020, October 14-17). Data driven methods for finding pattern anomalies in food safety. In S. M. Thampi, S. Piramuthu, K.-C. Li, S. Berretti, M. Wozniak, & D. Singh (Eds.), Symposium on Machine Learning and Metaheuristics Algorithms, and Applications (pp. 122–130). Singapore: Springer
Khaizaran Z. A., Al-Razem F. Analysis of selected milk traits in Palestinian Holstein-Friesian cattle in relation to genetic polymorphism. J. of Cell and animal Biology. 2014.Vol. 8 (5). P. 74-85.
Lundh A., Höjer A., Bernes G., Nilsson D., Hetta M., Priyashantha H., Saedén K. H., Gustafsson A. H., Johansson M. Composition and properties of bovine milk: A study from dairy farms in northern Sweden; Part I. Effect of monthly variation., J. Dairy Sci. 2021. Vol. 105 (9). P. 7658-7669. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2021-19648.
Lucey J., Otter D., Horne D. A. 100-Year Review: Progress on the chemistry of milk and its components. J Dairy Sci. 2017. Vol. 100 (12). P. 9916-9932. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2017-13250.
Laboratory methods of research in biology, animal husbandry and veterinary medicine: a reference book; edited by V. V. Vlizla. Lviv: Spolom, 2012. 764 p.
Methodology and organization of scientific research in animal husbandry: a manual; edited by I. I. Ibatullin, O. M. Zhukorsky. Kyiv: Agrarian Science, 2017. 328 p.
Nazarenko I. V., Kulykovsky D. O. Dynamics of milk components in cows of the Ukrainian red dairy breed. New livestock technologies in the 21st century: materials of the international scientific and practical conference (Mykolaiv, September 4-6, 2008). Mykolaiv, 2008. pp. 55-57.
Priyashantha H., Lundh A., Höjer A., Bernes G., Nilsson D., Hetta M., Saedén K. H., Gustafsson A. H., Johansson M. Composition and properties of bovine milk: A study from dairy farms in northern Sweden; Part II. Effect of monthly variation., J. Dairy Sci. 2021. Vol. 104 (8). P. 8595-8609. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2020-19650
Prykhodko M. F. Assessment of productivity and technological properties of milk of newly created breeds and types of livestock of the northeastern region of Ukraine: author's abstract of the dissertation of the candidate of agricultural sciences: 06.02.04. Kherson. 2009. 20 p.
Plivachuk O. P. Dyman T. M., Oblap O. P. Raw milk suitability of Ukrainian black-and-white dairy cows with different genotypes of kappa-casein, beta-lactoglobulin and prolactin. Technology of production and processing of livestock products. 2016. No. 2. P. 116-121. Access mode: http://nbuv.gov.ua/UJRN/tvppt_2016_2_24.
Prykhodko M. F. Technological properties of milk of cows of the Ukrainian brown dairy breed and the Sumy intrabreed type of the Ukrainian black-and-white dairy breed. Scientific Bulletin Askania-Nova. Nova Kakhovka, 2011. Issue 4. P. 141-149.
Quick T. Brief history of continuous improvement. Journal for Quality and Participation, 42(1), 1-2. 2019.
Rusko N. P. Justification of the system of monitoring and management of the quality and safety of cow's milk: dissertation ... candidate of agricultural sciences: 06.02.04. Kharkiv, 2024, 210 p.
Stocco G., Pazzola M., Dettori M. L., Paschino P., Bittante G., Vacca G. M. Effect of composition on coagulation, curd firming, and syneresis of goat milk. J. Dairy Sci. 2018. 101(11). P. 9693-9702. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2018-15027
Semko T. V. Composition and requirements for industrial milk as a raw material for cheese production. Agricultural science and food technologies: collection of scientific works Vinnytsia National Agrarian University. Vinnytsia, 2015. Issue 1 (90). P. 200-207.
Smolyar V. I., Kolomiets T. A. Monitoring of the latest technologies of milk production at "Euro Tier 2006". Dairy Business. 2007. No. 3. Pp. 10-13.
Su G. Ma, P. Nielsen, Aamand G. P., Wiggans G., Guldbrandtsen B., Lund M. S. Sharing reference data and including cows in the reference population improve genomic predictions. Danish Jersey Animal. 2015. Vol. 2. P. 1-9.
Sun, Q., Zhang, M., & Mujumdar, A. S. (2019). Recent developments of artificial intelligence in drying of fresh food: a review. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 59(14), 2258-2275. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2018.1446900
Shah, A. (2014). Internal marketing’s effects on employee satisfaction, productivity, product quality, consumer satisfaction and firm performance. American Journal of Management, 14(4), 33.
Sonmez, P. A., & Ozcan, T. (2021). Assessment of structure and sensory characteristics of reduced fat yoghurt manufactured with carob bean gum polysaccharides. Food Science and Technology, Vol. 10. P. 1-7.
Thomasen J. R., Sorensen A. C., Lund M. S., Guldbrandtsen B. Adding cows to the reference population makes a small dairy population competitive. J. Dairy Sci., 2014. Vol. 97. P. 5822-5832.
Vandenbrande, W. W. (2020). The role of quality management in ensuring a sustainable planet. Journal for Quality and Participation, 42(4), 8-12.
Zubets M. V., Burkat V. P. Basic conceptual principles of the latest domestic theory of breed formation. Animal breeding and genetics: interdisciplinary thematic scientific collection / Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics named after M. V. Zubets NAAS. Kyiv, 2002. Issue 36. P. 3-10.
Downloads
Published
Versions
- 30.03.2026 (2)
- 30.03.2026 (1)
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Тетяна ЄЛЕЦЬКА, Наталія РУСЬКО, Наталія КАМИШАН (Автор)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
