The level of non-esterified fatty acids in bee thorax tissue and productive traits at food additive feeding with different amounts of sunflower oil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/01308521.2020-(68)-1-16Keywords:
honey bees, feed additive, fatty acids, queen bees reproductive ability, honey productivity of beesAbstract
The relevance of the chosen topic is due to the absence of data in literature concerning the amount of most active non-esterified saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in honey bees tissues depending on the formers’ quantity and composition in a feed.
The research goal is to establish a connection between the non-esterified fatty acids composition in thorax tissues and honey bees productive traits at various quantity of sunflower oil in a feed additive.
The experimental trials have been conducted in spring-summer period on clinically healthy bees of Carpathian breed. By principle of analogues, 3 groups of bee families have been formed (3 bee families in each group). Every week, during the period of 36 days, the families of control group has been feeded a supplement consisting of 100 g defatted natural soybeans flour and 100 g sugar syrup (correlation sugar-water 1:1). The families of І and ІІ trial groups have been getting additionally sunflower oil in amount respectively 10 and 20 g per bee family per week. During the trial, the queens’ reproductive ability and workers’ honey productivity have been controlled. After the trial completion, bees tissue samples have been taken for laboratory tests. In bee thorax tissues, the non-esterified fatty acids content has been determined by gas-liquid chromatography method.
It is established, that as a result of adding 10 and 20 g of sunflower oil to a feed consisting of defatted natural soy beans flour and sugar syrup, the content of saturated, monounsaturated, and particularly polyunsaturated fatty acids in the feed additive increases dose-dependently – in fatty acid composition of total lipids, as well as in composition of non-esterified fatty acids. Feeding of the food supplement, enriched with sunflower oil, causes decrease in concentration of non-esterified saturated, monounsaturated, and polyunsaturated fatty acids in honey bees thorax tissues of experimental groups І and ІІ. Herewith, in thorax tissue of the above-mentioned bees, the correlation of family ω-3 non-esterified polyunsaturated fatty acids content to family ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids decreases. As a final result, the queen bees of the mentioned groups increase oviposition, and the working bees increase the honey productivity.
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