Formation of winter wheat productivity elements in the conditions of the 2021/2022 growing season
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/agroscience.2022-1-3-2Keywords:
winter wheat, varieties, sowing dates, overwintering, number of plantsAbstract
The article presents the results of research aimed at studying the elements of technology for growing new varieties of winter wheat in the conditions of the Carpathian region. It was established that the timing of winter wheat sowing had a significant impact on overwintering and such elements of productivity as the number of plants per 1 m2, the number of stems on a plant and synchronously developed spikelets in an ear. During the first sowing period (September 28), the largest number of plants per 1 m2 was noted in autumn, on average it was 434 in the Estafeta мyronivska variety, 441 and 445 in the Dovira оdeska and Achim varieties, respectively. Shifting the sowing dates by 15 days (05.10) led to a decrease in their number by 6 pcs./m2 in the Estafeta мyronivska variety (428 pcs./m2), by 3 pcs./m2 in the village Dovira оdeska (438 pcs./m2), for 12 pcs. in the Achim variety (433 pcs./m2). During sowing on 20,10, a further decrease in the density of standing plants was observed compared to sowing on 28.09, respectively by 25, 25 and 45 pcs./m2. The highest percentage of overwintering, 97.8–99.1, was noted during the first sowing period (September 28). During the sowing of winter wheat on 05.10 and 20.10, the percentage of overwintering decreased in the Estafeta мyronivska variety by 2.8 and 5.1, respectively, by 5.0 and 6.5 % in the Dovira оdesa variety, and by 4.7 and 5.1 % in the Achim variety. Shifting the sowing dates to 05.10 and 20.10 led to a decrease in the number of plants after overwintering in the variety Estafeta мyronivska by 22 and 56 pcs/m2, Dovira оdeska - by 36 and 57, Achim - by 28 and 49 pcs/m2, respectively. Winter wheat varieties Estafeta мyronivska and Dovira оdeska formed the maximum number of synchronously developed spikelets in an ear after sowing on 05.10 – on average 19.2 and 18.2 pcs., variety Achim – after sowing on 28.09 – 18.3 pcs.
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