Features of accumulation of heavy metals in bee pollen (pollen of plants) in different natural areas of the Carpathian region
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/agroscience.2022-(1)-1-6Keywords:
natural areas of the Carpathian region, bee pollen, heavy metals, bioindicatorsAbstract
Experimental apiaries of clinically healthy honey bees of the Carpathian breed were selected on the basis of private apiaries of mountain, foothill and forest-steppe zones of Lviv region. The content of iron, Ferrum, Cuprum, Chromium, Cobalt, Nickel, Plumbum and Cadmium in the arable layer of soil and bee pollen was determined to assess the intensity of man-made load on the environment where the experimental apiaries of honey bees are located. It has been established that in the direction from the mountain to the foothills and further to the forest-steppe zone of the Carpathian region the content of Ferrum, Zinc, Cuprum, Cobalt, Chromium, Nickel, Plumbum and Cadmium in the arable soil layer and bee pollen increases. At the same time, in the above direction, the coefficients of transition of Zinc, Chromium and Nickel from the arable layer of soil to bee pollen are reduced; Zinc and Nickel – in dandelion pollen; Zinc – in apple pollen. In the direction from the mountain to the foothills and further to the forest-steppe zone of the Carpathian region, due to the high level of heavy metals, decreases the flight-harvest relative to the foothills (pollen) and honey productivity of worker bees. The high level of heavy metals in bee pollen obtained from hives located in the foothills and especially the forest-steppe zones of the Carpathian region is a consequence of urbanization and industrialization of the territory. Bee pollen, dandelion pollen and apple in general can be bioindicators of the ecological state of the environment. However, due to the optimal content of heavy metals, the best bioindicator of the ecological state of the environment is dandelion pollen
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