COMPLEX ANALYSIS OF FEEDING EFFICIENCY OF WINTER BARLEY
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/agroscience.2022-(1)-4-3Keywords:
mineral fertilizers, nitrates, phosphates, potassium, nitrapyrin, costs, profit, profitabilityAbstract
Experiments were conducted at the Lviv National University of Nature Management (LNUP – Dubliany) during 2020-2022 in the area of Pasmove Pobuzhzhia of the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine on a dark-gray podsolic light-loamy and low-humus soil. The purpose of the study was to establish the level of productivity depending on the fertilization system and the use of nitrapyrin and to give an economic assessment of the effectiveness of growing winter barley depending on the norms, forms of mineral fertilizers with the use of a nitrogen stabilizer for the introduction of rational elements of technology that are safe for the natural environment into crop production. The agrochemical properties of the soil were determined according to classical indicators. The use of urease inhibitor in the phase of restoration of vegetation on the background of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers contributed to the collection of 6.32-7.65 t/ha of grain, depending on the rate and form of nitrogen fertilizers and the year of the study. In general, the productivity of winter barley was correlated with nitrogen rates r = 0.76-0.81, the concentration of nitrates in the arable layer – with the rate of fertilizer application r = 0.88. Application of ammonium nitrate under winter barley without the use of phosphorus-potassium fertilizers, but with the division of the norm N120 into N23 (before sowing) + N67 (in the phase of vegetation recovery) + N30 (at the beginning of earing), ensured a relatively high profitability of the use of agrochemicals compared to other means, elevated and high backgrounds of balanced fertilizer. The calculation of the payback of fertilizers in the forms of diamofoska and urea (before sowing in the norm N120P60K60), as well as nitrapyrin in the form of N-Lock Max, or ammonium nitrate with nitrapyrin in the phase of vegetation recovery showed the economic efficiency of these options for providing nitrogen nutrition to winter barley in the market situation for 2022 year. The economic evaluation of the cultivation of winter barley grains, the main means of which are soils, does not in any way take into account changes in pH, removal of available resources of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other nutrients from the soil, losses from their leaching from the zone of the root system and emissions in the form of greenhouse gases (N2O).
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