Evaluation of the breeding material red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) on the slope lands of the Carpathian region
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/01308521.2021-(69)-2-1Keywords:
relationships, source material, economic and biological characteristics, cluster analysis, productivityAbstract
The studies were carried out in 2019‒2020 on the experimental field of the Peredkarpatskyi Research Department of the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region of NAAS.
The soil of the experimental field is typical for this region, drained by pottery drainage, of sod-middle-podzolic type, superficially gleyed medium acid, loamy, formed on deluvial deposits. The material for the research was 15 cultivars of Trifolium pratense L. of different ecological and geographical origin.
The main legume crop in field crop rotations in the Western region of Ukraine is red clover (Trifolium pratense L.). In terms of protein content, it significantly exceeds other crops and is the best raw material for the manufacture of high-protein feed. Red clover has a positive and multifaceted effect on the soil and its macro- and microbiota, is considered a complex agro-ecological reserve, and contributes to an increase in the yield of all agricultural crops.
The formation of collections for the creation of the initial material of red clover provides for a preliminary study of the breeding value of varieties and their effective use in the breeding process in terms of yield and other economic and biological characteristics.
The height of red clover plants’ cultivars was 63.00‒85.00 cm. The coefficient of variation for this trait is 8.33 %. The number of stems per plant was 23‒42 pcs., with a variation of 17.3 %. The leaf length of red clover varied from 3.80 cm to 5.10 cm, leaf width – from 1.80 to 2.30 cm. The coefficient of variation for these characters was 9.4 % and 6.4 %, respectively.
The number of heads per plant was 187‒261, the coefficient of variation was 89.0%. The diameter of the heads on the plant ranged from 1.80 cm to 2.80 cm with a variation of 13.6 %.
On average, the number of flowers in the head ranged from 96 to 128 pcs. The coefficient of variation was 9.1 %.
The mass of 1000 seeds was 1.77‒1.91 g with a coefficient of variation of 2.1 %.
When dividing into three clusters according to the average value of all nine analyzed characteristics, the best was the group in which 5 cultivars were concentrated (Truskavchanka, No. 01418, No. 01426, No. 01428, No. 01434), with characteristics that exceeded the average in other groups.
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