RESISTANCE OF POTATO HYBRIDS AGAINST DISEASES IN COMBINATION WITH ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE INDICATORS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/agroscience.2024-(3)-2-4Keywords:
potato, late blight, alternaria, viral diseases, economically valuable traits, productivity, starchAbstract
The article presents the results of research on breeding material in relation to different soil and climatic conditions, which was created in the department of selection of agricultural crops of the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian region of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences. Climate change is a manifestation of long periods during the growing season, which were characterized by extremely high environmental temperature, soil drought, sharp differences in day and night temperatures, high humidity and at the same time high air temperature, short-term torrential rains with the monthly rate of precipitation, which contributes to the spread of phytophthora, alternaria and other diseases.
A strong development of late blight on potato varieties of the early ripening group can cause the death of 50-80% of the crop. Other diseases cause less perceptible damage, but in some years the level of development of any of them can lead to significant losses. Recently, due to climate change, there has been a significant level of damage to potatoes by alternaria (losses can reach 30-50% during the period of strong disease development), as well as rhizoctoniosis – one of the most widespread and harmful diseases, which reduces the quality of planting material and the level of tuber productivity. In Ukraine, the development of this disease is observed every year, its level on sprouts is 30-60%, stolons – 25-70%. Losses of the potato crop under favorable conditions for the development of the pathogen reach 49%.
The fight against potato pests and diseases should be based on the application of an integrated system of plant protection, which consists in the complex application of agrotechnical, chemical, biological, organizational and economic methods of controlling numerous potato parasites, in particular, the introduction of new varieties of this crop and technologies for their cultivation, introduction of the new potato varieties created with a complex of economically valuable traits, namely: a combination of high resistance to diseases with high yield and quality indicators
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Copyright (c) 2024 Andrii PAVLOV, Roman ILCHUK, Oksana VAVRYNOVYCH, Natalia RUDAVSKA (Author)
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