Inheritance of the productivity in hybrid offspring of potato got from self-pollination and intervarietal cross

Abstract

Results of researches  of heredity display are  brought  at  the  hybrid offspring got from self-pollination  and intervarietal  cross  for  the  productivity.  Combinations  are  discovered,  where  the  heredity  in  offspring    depends   from  the phenotypeof paternal forms. Inheritance this sign had intermediate character,  heterosis and depression.

To achieve the effect in breeding, the desired type of relationship between traits will be as follows: if the value of the trait increases with increasing of selected trait, the relationship between them should be positive, and vice versa, if the trait value decreases with increasing trait value, that selected, the relationship between them must be negative.

In selection hybridization, the correlation relationships between economic traits are important. When a hybrid population is created, its value will depend on the correlation that the trait is being selected and the type of trait (positive or negative). Failure to take this factor into account may result in the hybrid population being created to satisfy the breeder on a breeding basis to some extent, and may be worse than the initial material on other economically useful traits.

The most productive were seedlings from the self-pollination of the Red Ruta variety. The mass of tubers per bush was different: minimum – 201 g, maximum – 780 g and averaged 490 g per bush. The correlation coefficient was weakly positive (+0,080), and the regression equation was as follows: Y = 3,6 X + 1,9.

In the breeding nursery four combinations of cross were distinguished, in which the yield exceeded the initial parental forms by an average of 3,5–6,0 t/ha. The yields of hybrids of these cross combinations were respectively at the level of 30,8–34,2 t/ha. The correlation-regression dependence was determined according to the yield of these hybrids compared to the original maternal forms, which was positive average.

Analyzing the quantitative indicators of breeding numbers obtained from the crossi of potatoes varieties S. tuberosum (breeding nursery) showed a tendency to increase their productivity.

Complex intervarietal crosses show a significant increase in yields compared to parent parent forms and variety-standards.

Testing of breeding nursery hybrids showed a fairly high efficiency of isolating hybrids with high economically valuable features, although the number of hybrids with better yields was low (4).