Dependence of winter rape development on weather conditions taking into account varieties and hybrid features
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/01308521.2026-(79)-1-5Keywords:
variety, hybrid, weather factors, field seed germination, plant development, sugar contentAbstract
At the current stage of intensive oilseed production in Ukraine, a significant number of winter rapeseed hybrids are actively grown, mainly of European selection, which demonstrate high yield potential. At the same time, farm managers and agronomists are increasingly paying attention to domestic varieties, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages, due to biological and adaptation features. The optimal choice of a variety or hybrid that meets the environmental conditions of the region, agrotechnical requirements and biological features is a key factor in ensuring consistently high yields, as well as minimizing risks when growing this crop. Literary sources provide contradictory information on this issue, which emphasizes the relevance of further research and the need for in-depth study of the topic. The article presents the results of a comprehensive scientific study of the meteorological conditions of the autumn vegetation period of winter rapeseed, covering the stages from sowing to the entry of plants into the overwintering state, during 2023–2025. A detailed analysis of the main weather factors was carried out, in particular the temperature regime of air and soil, the amount, intensity and seasonal distribution of precipitation, as well as their variability over the years of research. The nature of their influence on the formation of field seed germination, the uniformity and intensity of the emergence of seedlings, the course of the early stages of organogenesis, the accumulation of vegetative mass, the development of morphological structures of plants and the accumulation of sugars in the root neck of the plant was established and scientifically substantiated. Particular attention is paid to assessing the adaptive response of winter rapeseed to changes in weather conditions in the initial period of development, which is of decisive importance for successful overwintering, the formation of a productive stem and the realization of the crop's yield potential in subsequent phases of vegetation
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