Preparation of millet seeds (Panicum virgatum L.) for sowing
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/01308521.2022-(71)-2-8Keywords:
technological scheme, seed germination, scarification, sorting, specific weight, aerodynamic propertiesAbstract
Renewable energy sources are an important alternative to traditional fossil fuels, which are declining. Among the new promising energy plants, special attention should be paid to perennial cereals, which belong to plants with C4 type of photosynthesis and are able to accumulate significant amounts of biomass ‒ millet (switchgrass) for biofuel production. A restraining factor in the widespread introduction of crops into production is the low similarity of seeds, due to its dormancy. The state of biological dormancy of the seed can be caused by a decrease of the embryo's activity, the protective membrane, and hormonal system. It can be disturbed in various ways ‒ by exogenous or endogenous factors, most of which are based on the creation of stressful conditions during the period of seed germination or before the beginning of its germination. One way to reduce it is pre-sowing preparation.
The aim of the research was the elements of technology study and development of pre-sowing seed preparation method, which will provide a significant increase in its germination.
The technological scheme of production batches rod-shaped millet seeds preparation includes the following operations: cleaning of seeds from impurities ‒ scarification ‒ cleaning of seeds from dust and shell residues ‒ sorting by specific weight ‒ sorting by aerodynamic properties. Scarification provided an increase in germination energy and seed similarity by 7 % compared to the control – without the use of this method of improving seed quality. It was found that carrying out this measure, depending on varietal characteristics, on cultivars of different ripeness and ploidy groups, resulted in a reliable increase in germination energy and seed similarity. Consecutive sorting by specific weight and aerodynamic properties provided an increase in germination on the pneumatic table by 7 % at the output of 55.8 %, and inferior in trerms of germination seeds from the pneumatic table ‒ by 7‒21 % at the output of 16.7 %, the total output was 72.5 %.
The scheme of preparation of millet seeds, which includes its scarification, sorting by a set of features ‒ specific weight and aerodynamic properties is effective and reduces the biological dormancy of seeds and, accordingly ‒ a significant increase in similarity of seeds prepared for sowing by 7‒21 %, but does not provide complete solution to reduce the biological dormancy of seeds.
References
1. Доронін А. В. Формування конкурентоспроможності альтерна-тивних видів пального в контексті стратегії розвитку АПК України. Зб. наук. праць ІБКіЦБ. 2013. Вип. 19. С. 181–187.
2. Дрига В. В. Якість насіння проса прутоподібного (Panicum virgatum L.) залежно від режиму його скарифікації. Зб. наук. праць Білоцерківського НАУ : Агробіологія. 2020. Вип. 1. С. 35–41.
3. Кулик М., Рій О., Крайсвітній П. Насіннєва продуктивність проса лозоподібного (Panicum virgatum L.) другого року вегетації. Вісник Львівського національного аграрного університету. Сер.: Агрономія. 2013. Вип. 17 (2). С. 215–219.
4. Курило В. Л., Рахметов Д. Б., Кулик М. І. Біологічні особливості та потенціал урожайності енергетичних культур родини Тонконогових в умовах України. Вісник Полтавської державної аграрної академії. 2018. Вип. 1 (88). С. 11–17.
5. Щербакова Т. О., Рахметов Д. Б. Особливості будови пагонів проса прутоподібного (Panicum virgatum L.) в умовах інтродукції в Правобережному Лісостепу та Поліссі України. Plant Varieties Studying and protection. 2017. Т. 13, № 1. С. 85−88.
6. Adkins S. W., Bellaires S. M., Loch D. S. Seed dormancy mechanismus in warm season grass species. Euphytica. 2002. V. 126, № 1. P. 13‒20. DOI: 10.1023/A1019623706427.
7. Aiken G. E., Springer T. L. Seed size distribution, germination, and emergence of 6 switchgrass cultivars. J. Range Manage. 1995. V. 48. P. 455–458.
8. Beaty E. R., Engel J. L., Powell J. D. Tiller development and growth in switchgrass. J. Range Manage. 1978. V. 31. P. 361−365.
9. Bewley J. D., Black M. Seeds: Physiology of Development and Germination. Berlin : Springer Science + Business Media, LLC, 1994. 401 р. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1002-8.
10. Breaking seed dormancy of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.): A review / E. Kimura et al. Вiomass and bioenergy. 2015. 80. Р. 94−101.
11. Buxton Switchgrass biomass production in the Midwest USA: Harvest and nitrogen management / K. P. Vogel et al. Agronomy Journal. 2002. V. 93, No 3. Р. 413–420.
12. Different seed dormancy levels imposed by tissues covering the Cupaniopsis Zoysia grass (Zoysia Japonica Steud) / Li M. et al. Seed Science and Technology. 2010. V. 38, No 2. P. 320−331.
13. Effect of cultivation technology on switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) productivity in marginal lands in Ukraine / Taranenko A. et al. Acta Agrobot. 2019. V. 72 (3). Р. 1786. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5586/aa.1786.
14. Efficiency of Optimized Technology of Switchgrass Biomass Production for Biofuel Processing / Kulyk M. et al. Journal of Environmental Management and Tourism. 2020. Vol. 11 (1). Р. 173–185. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14505//jemt.v11.1(41).20.
15. Evaluation physical, chemical, and energetic properties of perennial grasses as biofuels / McLaughlim S. B. et al. Bioenergy 96: Proceedings of the Seventh National Bioenergy Conference, Sept. 15‒20, Nashville, Tennessee, 1996. V. 1. P. 1−8.
16. Finch-Savage W. E., Leubner-Metzger G. Seed dormancy and the control of germination. New Phytologist. 2006. V. 171, № 3. P. 501−523.
17. Fisher R. A. Statistical methods for research workers. New Delhi : Cosmo Publications, 2006. 354 р.
18. Impact of the soil and climate conditions on the formation of the crop yield and germinating power of the switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) seeds / M. Kulyk et al. Journal of Research and Applications in Agricultural Engineering. 2018. V. 63 (4). Р. 101–105. URL: http://www.pimr.poznan.pl/biul/2018_4_KRK.pdf (last accessed: 25.04.2022).
19. Investigating seed dormancy in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.): understanding the physiology and mechanisms of coat-imposed seed dormancy / Denise V. D. еt al. Industrial Crops and Products. 2013. V. 45. P. 377−387.
20. Ma Z., Wood C. W., Bransby D. I. Impact of row spacing, nitrogen rate, and timeon carbon portioning of switchgrass. Biomass and Bioenergy. 2001. Vol. 20, Issue 6. Р. 413–419.
21. Parrish D., Fike J. H. The biology and agronomy of switchgrass for biofuels. CRCCRRev. Plant. Sci. 2005. Vol. 24, Issue 5/6. Р. 423‒459. DOI: 10.1080/07352680500316433.
22. Peters T. J., Moomaw R. S., Martin A. R. Herbicides for postemergence control of annual grass weeds in seedling forage grasses. Weed Sci. 1989. V. 37. P. 375–379.
23. Regulation of wheat seed dormancy by after-ripening is mediated by specific transcriptional switches that induce changes in seed hormone metabolism and signaling / Liu A. et al. PloSOne. 2013. Vol. 8, Issue 2. e 56570. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0056570.
24. Seed Germination of switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) depending on its Biological peculiarities / Doronin V. et al. Plant Archives. 2020. V. 20, No. 2. P. 7493‒7496.
25. Smart A. J., Moser L. E. Morphological development of switchgrass as affected by planting date. Agron. J. 1997. V. 89. Р. 958–962.
26. Stratification in switchgrass seed is reversed and hastened by drying / Shen Z. et al. Crop Sci. 2011. V. 41. Р. 1546‒1551. URL: https://www.agronomy.org/publications/cs/articles/41/5/1546 (last accessed: 09.06.2011).
27. Switchgrass as a sustainable bioenergy crop / Sanderson M. A. et al. Bioresource Technology. 1994. № 56. Р. 83–93.
28. Switchgrass variety choice in Europe / Elbersen H. W. et al. Aspects of Applied Biology. 2001. V. 65. Р. 21−28.
29. Technology of Preparation of Seeds of Rod-Shaped Millet (Panicum virgatum L.) / V. Doronin et al. Annals of the Romanian Society for Cell Biology. 2021. Vol. 25, Issue 4. P. 10656–10664.
30. Two Faces of One Seed: Hormonal Regulation of Dormancy and Germination / Shu K. et al. Mol. Plant. 2016. V. 69. P. 34‒45. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2015.08.010.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 В. В. ДРИГА, В. А. ДОРОНІН, Ю. А. КРАВЧЕНКО, В. В. ДОРОНІН (Автор)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
