Seed potato productivity of varieties of different ripeness groups in condition of south-western part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine

Abstract

The results of research on the productivity of registered varieties of potatoes in the south-western part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine are highlighted.

In modern conditions, a variety has become a factor without which it is impossible to realize achievements of scientific and technological progress in agronomy. However, in order to provide high productivity at a variety usage, it is necessary to consider its adaptive capacity to certain soil, climatic and phytosanitary conditions.

The cultivation of potatoes in almost all regions of Ukraine contributes to creation and introduction into production of varieties of domestic selection, which belong to different ripeness groups, directions of cultivation, and have unequal adaptability potential to the soil and climatic conditions of our country.

Considering the above, our research goal became the determination of seed productivity and phyto-virological state of pre-base seed potatoes of new varieties in in the soil and climatic conditions of the southwestern part of the Forest-Steppe of Ukraine.

Over the years of research, the highest yield at early ripeness group was established on the Cimmeria variety (33,6 tons/ha). The varieties Slauta, Schedryk and Scarbnytsya were distinguished by high yield (32,5-32,9 t/hа). Among the middle-early varieties, the highest yield was established on the variety Strumok (30,1 t/hа); among the mid-season ones – Okolytsya (33,3 t/hа). On the middle-late varieties Sluch and Poliske Dzherelo, the yield was 32,5 and 31,5 t/hа, respectively.

The same pattern was observed on one-bush tubers mass and quantity. The largest mass of a single tuber was in the varieties Schedryk and Slauta – 80-82g.

The highest seed fraction yield was provided by the varieties Okolytsya and Mandrivnytsya – 61-62 %.

Regarding the plants’ infestation with viral diseases, it depended on the properties of the variety to resist viral infection. Over the years of research, the least infestation with viral diseases was observed on the variety Cimmeria – 1,2-1,8 %; the most one – on Letana (2,0-2,5 %). Among the mild viral diseases, the usual mosaic prevailed, and among the severe ones – leaf curling and distortion, and wrinkled mosaic.

The total number of the diseased plants has not exceeded the current standard requirements for pre-base seed potato.