Influence of the grass mixture composition and biological-mineral fertilizer on the fodder productivity of meadow agrophytocenoses .on slope land

Abstract

The results of the study of the influence of the method of mineral fertilization on the yield and formation of sown meadow legume-cereal agrophytocenoses for hay and hay-pasture purposes on the slopes of the Western Forest-Steppe are presented.

The reaction of legume-cereal grass mixtures to the complex effect of full mineral fertilization, fractional application of nitrogen fertilizers superficially and with ploughing in sod, complex microelements in a chelated form biochelate universal, which was used for foliar (leaf) fertilization of grass in the tillering phase was clarified.

On the slope of the south-western exposition, two legume-cereal agrophytocenoses of combined purpose were formed by sowing grass mixtures without cover: timothy grass variety Pidhiryanka (6 kg/ha), creeping bentgrass variety Halychanka (1), perennial ryegrass variety Osyp (12), red clover variety Peredkarpatska 6 (5), alsike clover variety Prydnistrovska (4 kg/ha) and timothy grass variety Pidhiryanka (6 kg/ha), meadow fescue variety Dibrova (6), smooth bromegrass variety Vseslav (8), yellow alfalfa variety Narechena Pivnochi (4), common bird's-foot trefoil variety Ajax (4 kg/ha) with a total seeding rate of 28 kg/ha (17 million units per ha).

It was established that the highest productivity of 10,47 t/ha of dry matter on legume-cereal hay agrophytocenosis of timothy grass, meadow fescue, smooth bromegrass, yellow alfalfa, common bird's-foot trefoil provided fertilization by N₆₀P₆₀K₉₀ with ploughing in sod and treatment of vegetative mass with microfertilizer biochelate universal in the tillering phase of cereal components.

Grass mixture based on yellow alfalfa, common bird's-foot trefoil with cereals shows a constant dynamics of productivity growth for five years from 4.20 to 13.10 t/ha of dry matter with the application of N₆₀P₆₀K₉₀ with distribution under the first mowing N₄₀ of mineral nitrogen and N₂₀ under the first cycle of pasture use and ploughing fertilizer in sod.

During five years of its life, the grass mixture of timothy grass, meadow fescue, smooth bromegrass, yellow alfalfa, common bird's-foot trefoil is characterized by a higher content of sown cereal components (37.7–38.1 % of green mass for variant with haymaking and fertilization by N₆₀R₆₀K₉₀ + universal biochelate and 33.0–33.9 % – for hay and pasture use and fractional application of mineral nitrogen into the sod). This grass mixture is characterized by the dependence of the proportion of legumes on fertilizers and use – the content of alfalfa and common bird's-foot trefoil in biomass in the fifth year of life reached a maximum of 50.5–51.9 % with the introduction of N₆₀P₆₀K₉₀ + universal biochelate for hay in the tillering phase with higher absolute on the background of ploughing mineral fertilizers in sod.