Agrobiological justification of the timing of primary tillage impact on sugar beet yield in short-rotation crop rotations in the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/01308521.2025-(78)-1-7Keywords:
sugar beet, soil tillage, yield, short-rotation crop rotationAbstract
The article presents research results on the influence of timing of primary moldboard-free soil tillage on sugar beet yield in short-rotation crop rotations of the Western Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. It was established that autumn tillage provides higher crop yield compared to winter variant, especially on light carbonate and sandy soils. It was found that productive chernozem soils have high resistance to yield reduction under different tillage timing, but also respond positively to autumn tillage. The dependence of gross sugar yield on the number of machinery passes during tillage was investigated. One pass of the aggregate proved optimal in terms of productivity indicators, while two passes led to yield reduction. The experiment evaluated yield variations by soil groups as well as for the farm as a whole. Analysis showed that the most effective combination – autumn tillage with one pass of tillage machinery – promotes gross sugar yield increase up to 11.3 t/ha on productive soils. The importance of adapting tillage technologies to soil-climatic conditions and crop rotation structure was established. Data that can be used for optimizing primary tillage systems under climate change conditions are presented. Research results confirm the feasibility of minimizing mechanical impact on soil. The need to consider soil agrophysical properties when planning technological operations is emphasized. The work is based on a multifactorial approach considering soil type, timing and intensity of tillage. Practical recommendations for improving soil tillage in sugar beet cultivation are proposed.
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