The influence of the bacteria genus Azotobacter chroococcum on the growth and development of agricultural crops in the west-Ukrainian forest-steppe province
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/01308521.2020-(67)-2-8Keywords:
bacteria, soil nitrogen fixer, maize, spring wheat, tomatoesAbstract
The aim of the research was to study the influence of bacteria of the genus Azotobacter chroococcum on the growth and development of spring wheat, tomato and corn plants. The bacterium preparation with active matter Azotobacter chroococcum genus was used for researches. The prepatation’s usage efficiency was studied in the terms of field conditions on researched plots of UkrSRPQS IPP NAAS. The following variants were proposed by scheme of researches: for spring wheat and maize: 0,25 ha, control plot is 0,25 ha, overall research area is 1,25 ha. The tomato variant’s area is 0,05 ha; control plot is 0,05 ha, overall research area is 0,25 ha. The researched varieties: spring wheat Favouritka; maize – Odeskyi 365M, tomato – Lagidnyi. The researches results showed the bacterium genus Azotobacter chroococcum positive impact on the structure of the winter wheat harvest. Especially the wheat yield of Favouritka increased by 0,38 t/ha or 10 %, weight of 1000 seeds by 2,9 g or 7,5 %; spike’s length by 0,7 cm or 9,9 %; the corn’s quantity in one spike - by 2,3 pcs or 9 %: one plant’s weight by 0,23 g or 5,6 %; spike’s weight by 0,17 g or 11 %, corn’s weight by 0,4 g or 5,3 %. Double fertilizer application of genus Azotobacter chroococcum had positive impact on growing maizes plants productivity. According to the received data the control maize productivity was 7,58 t/ha, but after treating with preparation was 8,76 t/ha. It was by 21 % higher than in control. The area of photosynthetically active leaf surface increased on 13,5 %. The impact was noticed also on other maize’s productivity elements. The weight of maize’s corn increased by 34 g or 17 %; the grain yield by 1 %; the grain’s weight in one corn increased by 25 g (16 % increase). The researches results on tomatoes witnessed the reliable increase of basic morphometric indexes after bacterium genus Azotobacter chroococcum usage. It was determined that the plants’ roots increased by 1,5 cm or 8,3 % in comparison with control after double application of preparation in irrigation water with active matter bacterium Azotobacter chroococcum. The cultivar yield increased by 10,7 t/ha or 19,5 %, the fruit’s weight increased on 10,3 g or 9,6 % in comparison to control.
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