Сharacteristics of economic-useful signs in the Simmental breed cows of different genealogical affiliation

Abstract

Simmental livestock belong to breeds of combined type  both dairy and meat qualities. In breeding work in the livestock sector, first of all, attention should be given to increasing the milk productivity of cows. However, it is impossible to achieve high productivity without proper livestock body construction. Therefore, today the breeding work of native and foreign scientists is aimed at improving the exterior of livestock.

 In accordance with the requirements of ICAR (International Committee for the Registration and Accounting of Animals) and the areas of scientific research in dairy cattle, the widespread use of linear classification of cows by exterior type, the importance of which in the breeding process is explained to some extent by the connection of external forms of body structure animals with their milk production level

The studies were conducted on cows of the Simmental breed of dairy and meat production of different genealogical affiliation. The genealogical structure of the herd consists mainly of the offspring of X Horror lines 809706945.79 and Redad 711620016.77. Bulls of these lines are characterized by good breeding qualities, the productivity of milk yield of their mothers is 8-9 thousand kg of milk for the highest lactation. In all the studied lactation the animals ‒ daughters of the bull Wikht 932375771 (Horror line) yielded inferior to the peers of the bull Roshelle 936647732 (line Redad).

Thus, for the first lactation the cow-offsprings of Roshelle 936647732 was dominated by analogues-daughters of the bull Wikht 932375771 for this breeding index by 400 kg (13.3 %), however, no statistically significant difference was found. A similar picture was observed for the second lactation. The preference for milk yield full-grown descendants of the Roshelle 936647732 bull over the bull Wikht 932375771 daughters was 800 kg, or by 24.2 % higher for the statistically significant difference (P < 0.01).

According to the results of linear assessment of growth, chest width, back inclination, pelvic limbs, anterior and posterior attachment of the udder, placement of the front tites, length of the tites, as well as additional signs of exterior evaluation – length of back, width of the sacrum and muscula, the  first-born cows ‒ descendants of the Roshelle bull from the Redads line were dominated by the daughters of the bull Wikht 932375771 from the Horroris line by 5,7‒28,6 %.