Transformation of agrochemical properties of light-gray forestal surface-gleyed soil during long-term agricultural use
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/01308521.2022-(71)-2-6Keywords:
light-gray forestal surface-gleyed soil, horizon, fertilizer, acidity, humusAbstract
Fertility management ensures the correction of meliorational, technological measures in strict accordance with climate change, the course of soil processes and regimes, physiological needs of plants, market. The intensive management of agriculture in Ukraine transforms the main properties and regimes of soils. However, today, the spontaneous signs of the transformational development of soils and the formation of their fertility must be contrasted with a scientifically based system of management of these processes.
To optimize the use of light-gray forestal surface-gleyed soil in the conditions of the Western Forest-Steppe, reducing acidity, applying organic and mineral fertilizers, which at the same time ensures scientifically based farming, remain priorities. Objective information about the state and changes of agroecosystems, their individual components under the influence of various anthropogenic loads can be obtained only in basic long-term stationary experiments.
The research concerns the comparative assessment of changes in the agrochemical properties of the light-gray forestal surface-gleyed soil over the 25-year period of its use in the system of intensive agriculture (end of IV rotation of seven-field crop rotation and end of IX rotation in four-field crop rotation).
The results of scientific studies show that the change of forestal coenoses by agrocenoses positively affected the acid-base properties of the light-gray forestal surface-gleyed soil. During the 25-year period of applying the same rate of mineral fertilizers to the soil, 10 t/ha of manure on a background of 1.0 n CaСО3, the pHKCl indicator of the HEgl horizon in both rotations is slightly acidic (5.18–5.51). At the same time, the Hg indicator in both rotations, in contrast to the control, ranged from low to medium values with maximum values in the middle part of the profile. In both rotations in the control and under different fertilization systems, the accumulation of humus content was observed only in the upper layers of the soil. Lower horizons are humus-free (< 1 %).
According to the humus content of the forestal soil in the HEgl horizon, it is low-humus (2.07 %), the lower horizons are humus-free (< 1 %). On the fallow, the humus content in the HEgl horizon is low (1.74 %), down the profile the genetic horizons are also humus-free (< 1 %).
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