Accumulation of fat in bulls body of Charolais breed in postnatal ontogenesis

Abstract

A topography and intensity of fat deposition in the body of bulls of Charolais breed in age aspect are studied. It is shown that the rates of synthesis of fat in their organism is slower from the growth of muscular tissue. It is proven that the meat products of Charolais breed in all age periods are competitive and answers the requirements of consumer.

Bulls of Charolais breed during its life intensively grow muscular tissue, but are marked by insufficient lipopexia, that gives tenderness to the beef, as well as succulence, aroma and increases its organoleptic and culinary qualities. As a question of forming of fatty tissue in Charolais is debatable, the processes of accumulation and synthesis of fat in their organism in postnatal ontogenesis were investigated.
            It is set on results of slaughter indicators, that content of moisture in the middle probe of beef diminished from 69,9 % in 12 months to 60,2 % in 30 months, and dry substance, on the contrary, grew from 30,1 % in one year age to 39,8 % in 30 months. The increase of content of fat and ash is also marked accordingly from 12,6 to 22,1 % and from 0,9 to 1,7 % Amount of fat to the end of the investigated period as compared to annual age grew by 1,75 times, mainly due to watering and rawness, and protein ‒ only by 7 %.  However the correlation moisture : fat diminished in 2 times, and protein : fat ‒ in 1,6 times. Thus, maturity of bulls beef is achieved already at 12 months.

General mass of fat, as well as of whole body, increased with age of animals, but with different intensity. For period from 18 to a 30 months of age live mass of a 1 animal grew by 33 %, carcassus ‒ on 43 % and fat ‒ on 50 %. It is so because to the age of 1,5 year fat in bulls is almost not put aside on their internal organs.

Especially valuable in pulp of carcassus is intermuscular and muscular fat that adds marbleness to meat. At the increase of mass of pulp on 42 % his mass rose on 65 % and the energetic value of meat grew on 18 %.

 The increase of body mass of bulls is marked to 30-months age on the level  of 33,1 %. Index of content of fat in a body grew from 18 to 30 months of age on a 8,8 %, mass of carcassus rose on 42,9 % and mass of fat in a carcass ‒ on 11,9 %. Mass of pulp in bulls with age grew on 22,8 %, mass of its fat ‒ on 33,0 %.

It is set, that synthesis of fat in bulls of Charolais breed in postnatal ontogenesis takes place mildly and does not result in fattying of carcasses. At their growing to 30-months age specific mass of watering, raw and intramuscular fat remained insignificant, did not worsen quality of beef, but answered demand of consumers. In the Steppe zone of Ukraine it is economically justified to fatten up bulls of Charolais breed to 2,5 years of age that promote efficiency of the use of livestock.