The impact of fertilization on the productivity of clover-timothy mixture in the Precarpathian conditions

Abstract

The purpose of our research is to establish the patterns of forage productivity formation of sown hay-lands of short-term use on the sod-podzolic soils of the Precarpathian region, depending on fertilizer norms.

There are shown the results of studies on the influence of different norms of fertilization and foliar feeding with a complex chelate fertilizer Nanit Turbo on the formation of productivity and botanical composition for two years of the use of grass-stand.

The experiment has started in 2020 by uncovered summer sowing period. Agrotechnics – generally accepted for the area of the Precarpathian region. Harvesting in the experiments was carried out in the phase of economic ripeness (in legumes – by budding, in grasses – at the beginning of spikelets) by manual mowing and subsequent weighing of air-dry mass. Green mass samples with division into botanical and economic groups were selected to determine the botanical composition of the crops: grasses, legumes, herbs.

Zoned varieties of perennial grasses were used for sowing, listed in the State Register of Plant Varieties, suitable for distribution in Ukraine, namely: timothy-grass (Podhirianka variety), meadow clover (Peredkarpatska 6 variety).

It was established that in 2021 the most productive (12.31 t/ha) was the variant with introduction of ammonium nitrate as starting nitrogen (N₃₀) and N₃₀ after the first move on the background of P₆₀K₉₀ and the treatment with Nanit Turbo. The highest yield in 2022 (12.89 t/ha) was on the variants with introduction of N₃₀ before and after the first move when processing vegetative plants with Nanite Turbo on the background of P₆₀K₉₀.

On average, in two years of the first move, the base of the botanical composition was meadow clover, its content ranged 39‒83 %, and in the second move its content was higher – 83‒95 %, in the third move it was also preserved in the green mass at a sufficient level of 78‒89 %.

The highest content of grasses in the first move was observed by the application of N₆₀ on the background of P₆₀K₉₀ and was 57 %, in the second move the highest content was on the variant with foliar treatment with Nanit Turbo on the background of P₆₀K₉₀ and was 10 %.

The content of non-sowed species in three moves did not exceed 7.0 % to green mass.