Dynamics of density of legume-grass stand depending on fertilization in the conditions of the Precarpathia

Abstract

The effect of fertilisation and foliar feeding on a legume-grass mixture was studied in a field experiment. It was found that the application of mineral fertilisers in the spring had a positive effect on the density of the legume-grass mixture. The highest density of grass in the first mowing (1202 units/m²) was observed when phosphorus and potassium fertilisers were applied at the rate of P₆₀K₉₀. In the second mowing, the increase in grass density was mainly due to more intensive branching of legume components. In the first mowing, the branching of legumes provided 30.9‒71.5 % of the grass stand density, in the second mowing this figure was 49.6‒77.2 %. The largest number of vegetative shoots of legumes was observed in the first (P₆₀K₉₀) and eighth
(P₆₀K₉₀ + N₃₀ + Nanite Turbo (N₃₀ after the first mowing)) variants, with the number of 1116 and 1021 units/m², respectively. The additional application of nitrogen fertilisers (60 kg/ha) reduced the share of legumes in the total density of legume-grass stand from 77.2 % to
63.3 %. The density of the third mowing of the clover-fescue grass stand ranged from 1053 to 1549 units/m². The highest density (1549 units/m²) was recorded in the variant with the introduction of N₃₀ and Nanit Turbo after the first mowing. On the background variant (P₆₀K₉₀), their number was the highest and amounted to 881 units/m². An additional application of 30 kg/ha of nitrogen stipulated a decrease in the density of legumes to 523 units/m². The use of foliar feeding Nanit Turbo on the background of N₃₀ increased the density of meadow clover to
672 units/m². The density of the grass ranged from 244 to 762 units/m². After the first mowing, it was also the highest in the variant with foliar treatment with Nanit Turbo on the background of N₃₀ – 762 units/m² (49.2 %).