The properties of dark-gray podzolized soil and precision agriculture
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/01308521.2025-(78)-2-1Keywords:
humus, acidity, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, precision fertilization, yieldAbstract
The variability of physical and agrochemical properties of soils of the Western Forest-Steppe necessitates differentiated dosage of fertilizer for agricultural crops not only between their soil varieties, but also within one field, on which, as a rule, there is one soil variety. The reason for this is the facies variegation of the granulometric composition, their acid-base properties, the content of organic matter and labile biogenic elements. Within one field of dark-gray podzolized coarse-dusty light-loamy soil in the "Vyriv" department of "CFG TRADING" LLC, we found variability of analytical results from 4.25 to 26.8 % for seven indicators. The calculated pair correlation coefficients for these indicators ranged from very close to weak and absent. The humus content in the arable layer varied from 2.7 to 4.0 % (coefficient of variation 11.35 %). The variation of available nitrogen reserves in the soil was the smallest among other indicators (from 112 to 133 mg/kg of soil; coefficient of variation
5.2 %). A moderate correlation of readily hydrolysable nitrogen content with humus content was determined, but in a range similar to humus, the phosphate resource in the soil varied, but only a noticeable direct relationship was established between these indicators across plots. Exchangeable potassium reserves in twelve plots varied almost threefold, which exceeded the variability of all other indicators (from 50.2 to 138.0 mg/kg; coefficient of variation 22.3 %). The
3B-modeling method in the STATISTICA-12 program established a strong interaction of pH and hydrolytic acidity in the synergistic effect on the cation exchange capacity. The humus content with cation exchange capacity and hydrolytic acidity jointly strongly influenced the increase in the content of easily hydrolyzed nitrogen in the arable layer. Based on the soil map in digital format, we constructed cartograms with contours for six soil indicators. The precision farming system involves installing an electronic field cartogram in the computer memory as well as the units for precise application of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium or ameliorants, according to the variegation of the field.
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