Optimization of temperature modes for seed germination of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.32636/01308521.2023-(74)-1-7Keywords:
perennial ryegrass, seeds, germination energy, laboratory germination, sproutAbstract
Lolium perenne L. is the main species of pastures, hayfields, an irreplaceable component of lawn mixes. Temperature is the main factor that controls plant development. Cultivation of varieties of perennial ryegrass adapted to new temperature ranges is essential in the face of climate change. When using starting material to create varieties with high adaptive potential, it is necessary to know the intraspecific variability of reactions to temperature. The aim of the study was to analyze a selection of samples of perennial ryegrass, the response to constant temperature during germination and initial growth.
The research was conducted at the experimental base of the Plant Protection Laboratory of the Institute of Agriculture of the Carpathian Region of the National Academy of Sciences. The research material was the seeds of five samples of perennial ryegrass of different biological status: local and wild populations, two varieties of domestic selection ‒ Osyp and Drohobytskyi 16 and the Lithuanian variety Raminta, which were selected from the collection of the Pre-Carpathian Department of Scientific Research of the Institute. 100 seeds of each sample were germinated in Petri dishes in a thermostat in two environments ‒ on filter paper and on sand. The experiment was carried out in two repetitions at temperature values from 3 to 33 ºC with an increase of 10 ºC. On the fifth day, germination energy was determined, on the fourteenth day ‒ full germination of seeds and signs of seedlings (root and hypocotyl length). The experiment was conducted according to DSTU 4138-2002 "Seeds of agricultural crops. Methods of determining quality" and DSTU 2940-94 "Seeds of agricultural crops. Terms and definitions".
Similarity was good (73‒94 %) on filter paper at almost all temperatures. On sand, the best germination values were observed only in the temperature range of 13‒23 ºС. It is also worth noting that at a temperature of 23 ºC on sand, high rates of germination energy were observed in all 5 samples (78‒91 %). The greatest length of sprouts was noted at a temperature of 23 ºC on filter paper (11.2–13.2 cm) and sand (14.2‒16.6 cm).
The seeds of ryegrass samples of domestic and foreign origin show a higher sprouting (43‒91 % on sand and 82‒92 % on filter paper) compared to the local and wild population (33‒82 % on sand and 73‒81 % on filter paper).
The obtained results (germination energy, sprouting and signs of seedlings) must be taken into account when placing samples in the National Repository and Collection of perennial ryegrass in field conditions, since it includes different source material (local and wild populations, varieties).
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Copyright (c) 2023 Володимир ОЛЕКСЯК, Олег СТАСІВ, Л. З. БАЙСТРУК-ГЛОДАН, Галина БІЛОВУС (Автор)
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